How The Brain Perceives The World

Your brain receives constant messages about your body and the external environment from the sensory organs. That’s your eyes, ears, nose, tongue, skin, and so on. With this information, your brain maintains a 3D map of your body and keeps a tab on what’s happening outside your body.

How your brain sees a situation may not be entirely accurate

Perception of Reality

Sometimes your brain even ‘fills in the blanks on your behalf, and your experience isn’t 100% based on reality but is instead a perception of reality. An interesting way to demonstrate how the brain’s inner reality is a perception is using the classic checker shadow illusion, created by Edward H Adelsen from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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Experience isn’t based on Reality

So how you – or your brain – sees a situation may not be entirely accurate. Sometimes your brain even ‘fills in the blanks on your behalf! That means your experience isn’t 100% based on reality but is instead a perception of reality.

References
  1. Kleim JA, Jones TA. Principles of experience-dependent neural plasticity: Implications for rehabilitation after brain damage. Journal of speech, language, and hearing research 2008;51(1):S225-39
  2. Nelson CA. Neural plasticity and human development. Current directions in psychological science 1999;8(2):42-45.
  3. Maravita A, Spence C, Driver J. Multisensory integration and the body schema: Close to hand and within reach. Current Biology 2003;13(13):R531-R39. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00449-4
  4. Kolb B, Whishaw IQ. Brain plasticity and behavior. Annual Review of Psychology 1998;49(1):43-64. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.49.1.43
  5. McGann JP. Associate learning and sensory neuroplasticity: How does it happen and what is it good for? Learning & Memory 2015;22:567-76.
  6. Holmes NP, Spence C. The body schema and multisensory representation(s) of peripersonal space. Cognitive Processing 2004;5(2):94-105. doi: 10.1007/s10339-004-0013-3
  7. Medina J, Coslett HB. From maps to form to space: Touch and the body schema. Neuropsychologia 2010;48(3):645-54. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.08.017
  8. Morasso P, Sanguineti V. Self-organizing body schema for motor planning. Journal of Motor Behavior 1995;27(1):52-66. doi: 10.1080/00222895.1995.9941699
  9. Haavik H, Kumari N, Holt K, Niazi IK, Amjad I, Pujari AN, Türker KS, Murphy B. The contemporary model of vertebral column joint dysfunction and impact of high-velocity, low-amplitude controlled vertebral thrusts on neuromuscular function. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 2021;121(10):2675-2720. doi: 10.1007/s00421-021-04727-z. Advance online publication.
  10. Haavik H, Niazi IK, Kumari N, Amjad I, Duehr J, Holt K. The potential mechanisms of high-velocity, low-amplitude, controlled vertebral thrusts on neuroimmune function: A narrative review. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania). 2021;57(6). doi:10.3390/medicina57060536

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